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Joseph Locke, lead designer
for Cambridge Glass (part of the New England Glass Company in
East Cambridge, MA) and Edward Libbey of The Libbey Glass Company
of Toledo, Ohio patented amberina glass in 1883. Amberina glass
is readily identifiable by its unique color tones, shading from
red at the top to amber at the bottom. Amberina glass has gold
combined into the molten glass mixture, and you can find both
pressed and blown versions of amberina glass. . After the glass
form had been blown, shaped, or molded, the entire surface of
the glass appeared yellow / amber in color. Subsequently, either
the upper or lower section of the glass object returned to the
furnace for reheating which created the chemical reaction in
the gold that created the red coloring. The glassmaking technique
can also be reversed if the lower portion of the glass object
is heated rather than the top; this effect is known as reverse
amberina glass. The New England Glass Co. was well known for
the inclusion of multiple colors in their glass, one of the
best known makers of peachblow
glass, and amberina glass was also made by another peachblow
maker- the Mt. Washington Glass Company of New Bedford, PA.
Mt. Washington made amberina for only a few years, 1880 until
about 1885, when they became embroiled in a patent suit with
New England Glass Co. despite using the name "rose amber"
for their interpretation of the amberina glassmaking technique.
New England won an injunction in 1886 enforcing their patent,
and from that point on only New England and Libby made amberina
glass in the United States. Other companies were also known
to make amberina glass, but they did so under license from the
Libby and New England Glass patent holders; such companies included
Hobbs, Brockunier & Co. of Wheeling, West Virginia. A few
European companies also made amberina glass including Baccarat
of France, but most amberina pieces surviving today were made
in the USA. Some contemporary amberina glass is still being
made today by companies such as Fenton and Boyd Glassworks.
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